Word: betweenness
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The team found that the link between genotype and phenotype—as it relates to beak shape—is much simpler than previously thought, with beak length, depth, and width each controlled by a single gene.
In addition, the order of the mathematical transformations necessary to create the different beak shapes and sizes corresponds to the taxonomical differences between the birds themselves.
According to team leader Abzhanov, the findings shed new light on the work of D’Arcy Wentworth Thompson, a Scottish biologist who used mathematics in the early 20th century to explore the morphological relationships between different species of crabs.
Despite the suggestions of a correlation between ibuprofen use and risk of Parkinson’s disease, the Harvard researchers said that the study’s findings cannot be used to reach any conclusions because the research was purely observational and did not examine causality.
The next step is to “take advantage” of the study’s findings by further exploring the relationship between ibuprofen use and risk of Parkinson’s disease, said Michael A. Schwarzschild, an associate professor of neurology at Harvard Medical School and one...