Word: bevatrons
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...ready for full operation for the first time. Its name was a tongue twister: the liquid hydrogen bubble chamber, designed and built by the University of California's Radiation Laboratory. In the next week or so, a beam of antiprotons from Berkeley's great 6 billion-volt Bevatron will pass through a pipe 200 ft. long, enter an odd-looking building and strike into a glass-topped metal bathtub containing 150 gal. of liquid hydrogen. As the antiprotons travel through the liquid, they will make slender, scratchlike trails of hydrogen bubbles. These trails, lasting but a fraction...
Alvarez' first model was all glass and only 2 in. in diameter. When it worked, he gradually increased his chambers to 2 in., 4 in., 10 in., and each step multiplied the difficulties until the laboratory blossomed with safety devices. Yet the 10 in. chamber spotted tricks of Bevatron particles that might have been missed by years of work with more primitive instruments-and only whetted Alvarez' desire for more...
...scientists who backed the AEC view that fallout from nuclear-weapon testing is not critically dangerous. Last year he backed continued U.S. nuclear testing in a report to President Eisenhower that H-bombs can be made 96% "cleaner." The Radiation Laboratory flourished under his direction, built a bevatron for advanced particle research. Lawrence became chiefly an organizer, a humorous, vigorous prodder who steamed around Berkeley encouraging younger men with-as nuclear physicists put it-"all rods...
Today's physicists, bursting open the atom's nucleus to find myriad minute particles, are right back where it all started. Using giant accelerators such as the Berkeley bevatron, they can measure the results of events inside the nucleus, but not all of it makes sense. Where is harmony...
...great bevatron at Berkeley creates antiprotons (protons with negative charges, in fair quantities. When they hit particles of ordinary matter-protons, neutrons, etc.-they generally annihilate themselves and their targets, both turning into weightless energy and neutrinos. About a fortnight ago an antiproton observed by Dr. Segrè and Dr. Wilson M. Powell behaved differently. It entered Dr. Segrè's bubble chamber, which is filled with liquid propane on the point of boiling, and made its normal, slightly curving trail of tiny bubbles (see cut). Suddenly the trail stopped, and a "star" of four diverging bubble trails appeared...