Word: bias
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Dates: during 2000-2009
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...series of intricately designed experiments, psychologists at Tufts University demonstrate that subtle racial biases are often expressed by characters on popular television shows, and that viewers not only pick up these attitudes but allow them to shape their own outlooks on race. The most insidious part of this cultural traffic, the researchers found, is that the transmission of race bias appears to occur subconsciously, unbeknownst to the viewer. (Watch a video of the best television series...
...Weisbuch, a postdoctoral student in the lab of Tufts psychology professor Nalini Ambady, researchers designed the multipart study to examine the communication of race bias on television to white college-age volunteers. Weisbuch and his team were intrigued by the fact that despite a significant reduction in overt expressions of racism in modern American society - the country has, after all, just elected its first black president - studies consistently find that many people still show biased or negative attitudes toward African-Americans, primarily through nonverbal means such as facial expressions, crossed arms and averted gazes. The psychologists wondered how such biases...
...opinion on a 1995 Iowa shaken-slammed baby murder case said that she had improperly ordered medical evidence in the case withheld from the defense, and, in a note, observed that "the evidence of Dr. Bennett's marriage to prosecutor Hanes should have been permitted at trial to imply bias." The appeals court judges said that while that relationship did not ultimately "prejudice the result" of the trial (which they upheld); yet they observed that "every court that has reviewed this case has been struck by certain aspects of the trial and actions of prosecutors that violate the fundamental notions...
James Poniewozik's "Moderation in Excess" explains how pursuit of the "fair and balanced" chimera leads media into distortions of "moderate bias" [Nov. 16]. But good reporting is even more profoundly subverted by the obsession with being "first" or "exclusive." All three misguided objectives compromise attainment of the ones that ought to be most prized--thoroughness and accuracy. I find that old-fashioned weekly or even monthly media do best at serving that ideal...
...report. The victims' families claimed that North Korean soldiers participated in executing 273 civilians in one county on the west coast - contrary to the commission's statements that said the perpetrators were exclusively members of the South Korean army. Some say questionable proclamations like these reflect a political bias. "Many of the commissioners are ... people who have a historical vendetta against the South Korean government," says Shin Ji Ho, a lawmaker in the conservative Grand National Party (GNP), who helped the victims file the complaint. In 2005, Shin was part of a group of 13 conservative lawmakers who drafted...