Word: binocularity
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Dates: during 1930-1939
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...disclose exact technical details. But film executives who viewed his work pronounced it good. Heart of the device is a prism composed of two paper-thin sheets of glass fitted together at a 45° angle. This is inserted behind the camera's lens, works something like the binocular vision of human eyes. The illusion of roundness goes onto the film so that no special projector equipment is necessary and spectators do not have to wear stereoscopic glasses...
...cyclopean eye. It is likely that the merely servient (left) eye will shrink away (as the pineal eye has already done) so that the right eye will become the cyclopean. Certain it is that the left eye, even today, is being used less and less continually. Man's binocular and stereoscopic visions are being destroyed-the price he pays for his speech center. The great cyclopean eye, however, will regain stereoscopic vision by developing two maculae [spots of sharpest vision] in the one eye, just in the fashion in which many birds have stereoscopic vision in each...
...Nearly all birds have eyes on the sides of the head. Such birds, of course, can have no binocular vision. Many nevertheless possess stereoscopic vision which they get by virtue of the fact that they have two maculae ... in each eye. This gives in the one eye the two pictures from two different angles which constitutes the sine qua non for stereoscopic vision...
Primates (monkeys, apes, men) are the only creatures who have both binocular and stereoscopic vision. "Only in man, of all the mammals, does there seem to be continuous easily kept, binocular and stereoscopic vision. Even in the human child, however, the eyes do not as a rule move in perfect unison with each other till about three months after birth, because stereoscopic vision, in the history of life on this planet, is an extremely recent appearance. The same fact explains the ready loss-of-binocularity (cross-eyes) in many persons as the result of optical errors (eye-strain). ... I should...
...animals other than primates have their eyes in the front of their faces (the young human fetus also has its eyes at the sides of its head). Because their visual fields do not overlap, they do not have binocular vision. The visual fields of hares and rabbits overlap behind their narrow heads, an essential for such hunted creatures. But they do not have stereoscopic vision. Their brains are insufficiently developed for that refinement...