Word: biochemist
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...conventional transplants, the grafted material serves as scaffolding for bone cells migrating from adjacent tissue. But, the researchers say, something else apparently happens with demineralized bone: it induces the host tissue to form completely new bone. "This material changes the cells it comes in contact with," Biochemist Julie Glowacki explains. Fibroblasts, the cells that produce the connective tissue in the body, become osteoblasts, which are bone-producing cells. Though no one knows why the conversion occurs, scientists speculate that the demineralized material delivers an electrical signal to surrounding cells...
...years in the making with strange, new man-made bugs. Asks Biologist Robert Sinsheimer, chancellor of the University of California at Santa Cruz: "Do we really wish to replace the fateful but impartial workings of chance with the purposeful self-interested workings of human will?" Even more dourly. Biochemist Erwin Chargaff notes: "If you can modify a cell, it's only a short step to modifying a mouse, and if you can modify a mouse, it's only a step to modifying a higher animal, even...
Genentech Inc. was co-founded in 1976, in South San Francisco, by Venture Capitalist Robert Swanson, 32, and University of California Biochemist Herbert Boyer, 44. The company now has a staff of 200. It has signed research agreements with several large pharmaceutical houses, including Hoffmann-La Roche and A.B. Kabi, and leads all gene-splicing firms by offering half a dozen products. Among them: several types of interferon, one of which is now undergoing clinical trials. Genentech is also collaborating with another leading drug company, Eli Lilly, on mass production of human insulin. Last week Genentech announced its latest gene...
While Berg and his colleagues were agonizing about the possible dangers posed by their experiments, two other scientists were planning an even more dramatic display of gene splicing. One of them was an intense biochemist named Stanley Cohen, 46, whose lab was only two floors below Berg's own quarters at the Stanford Medical Center research building. The other was Boyer, who worked just an hour's drive away at the University of California at San Francisco. Their partnership had emerged accidentally. In November 1972, after a long day of listening to scientific papers at a conference in Hawaii, they...
...only do creative people challenge basic assumptions, they discern previously unseen patterns. This, according to biochemist Calvin, is one of the most important abilities of the scientist. Gregor Mendel, cross-breeding peas in a monastery, noticed a pattern and extended the understanding of heredity. "It's no trick at all," Calvin notes, "to get the right answer when you have all the data. The real creative trick is to get the right answer when you have only half the data, and half of that is wrong...