Word: biochemists
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Though no one as yet understands all the workings of the pituitary, Dr. Choh Hao Li, a Chinese-born biochemist and endocrinologist at the University of California, has come closer than anyone to unlocking its secrets. Li and his colleagues have isolated and purified eight of the pituitary's ten known hormones. Now Li has carried his research a major step forward with the laboratory synthesis of one of the most important of these chemical messengers, somatotropin, or human growth hormone...
Twice a Nobel prizewinner (chemistry 1954, peace 1962), California Biochemist Linus Pauling has claimed a breakthrough in treatment of the common cold. His nonsecret: vitamin C, which was isolated in 1928. The vitamin-also called ascorbic acid-has never received its due, Dr. Pauling says, partly because the drug companies cannot make enough money out of it and partly because doctors generally prescribe doses just large enough to prevent scurvy. In a paperback, Vitamin C and the Common Cold (W.H. Freeman & Co.; $1.95), Pauling recommends a daily 250-to-10,000 milligrams to keep colds from being caught, plus...
...reader searching for immediate medical and social relevance in molecular genetics will find the chapters on viruses and cancer especially informative. It's not necessary to be a hard-core biochemist to read Watson, and a look at these chapters will make technical papers and even newspaper stories about cancer experiments a lot more comprehensible. In the chapter entitled "A Geneticist's View of Cancer," Watson first discusses the specific changes cancerous cells undergo on infection, and then details the molecular mechanisms proposed for the transformation of cells by tumor viruses. If left at that, this chapter would...
...enzymes work their magic-without the aid of the high temperatures and pressures used in industry-has long been a subject of intense scientific study. The mystery may at last be closer to solution. Last week, at an international chemistry conference in Riga, the capital of Soviet Latvia. Biochemist Daniel Koshland Jr. of the University of California reported that he may have identified the elusive mechanism used by enzymes in chemical reactions. He also revealed hard experimental evidence to back his ideas...
...Cornell researchers, a young Israeli chemist named Akiba Bar-Nun and his biochemist wife Nurit, tested the theory in a relatively simple experiment. They filled one end of a brass-and-Pyrex tube with a mixture of ammonia, methane, ethane and water vapor-all probable ingredients of the earth's early atmosphere. A thin plastic membrane separated the gases from the other end of the tube, which contained chemically inert helium. The Bar-Nuns increased the helium pressure until the membrane broke. This produced a shock wave that swept into the gaseous mixture at high speed, momentarily creating temperatures...