Word: biologists
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Selective Immunity. Dr. Edelman, 39, a physician and molecular biologist, insists that the chemical description of an antibody molecule is basic science, and he will not speculate on its potential medical uses. But his remarkable accomplishment may well be an important step toward the day when doctors will be able to selectively regulate immune reactions, allowing patients to accept transplants without lowering their resistance to disease...
...tobacco industry's main medical spokesman, Dr. Clarence Cook Little, is an 80-year-old retired biologist who headed the predecessor of the American Cancer Society in the 1930s. As chief of the industry's Council for Tobacco Research since 1954, he has steadfastly maintained that evidence linking smoking and disease consists largely of statistical associations, which cannot "prove" a causal relationship. The tobacco men ridicule the notion that cigarettes alone could be responsible for the two dozen or so diseases with which they have been associated. Much more research, they say, must be done on such factors...
...most fascinating reports at last week's New Orleans seminar of the American Cancer Society was made not by a doctor or biologist, but by an aeronautical engineer. Clarence Cone Jr., of NASA's Langley Research Center in Virginia, was assigned by the space agency to study the effect on cell division of any radiation that astronauts might encounter. Cone knew that normal cells, grown in the laboratory, will not multiply and crowd one another beyond a certain point. But cancer cells lack this "contact inhibition," and are joined by intimate bonds or "bridges" of cellular material...
Winston E. Banko combines business with pleasure. Professionally, he is a biologist, stationed in Hawaii, bird watching for the U.S. Department of the Interior. It therefore gave him special pleasure when, while hacking his way through an island rain forest in search of rare biological specimens, he spotted a bird with a "yellow posterior and a peculiar, sickle-shaped bill." The bird was the Mauinukupuu (pronounced noo-koo-poo-oo), which had been considered extinct since...
Dark Urges. A more telling critique challenges the limitations of Freudianism as a theory of mental processes. A biologist himself, Freud was aware of the impact of environment on man; yet orthodox analysis traces mankind's emotional problems to the first formative years of life, minimizing most subsequent influences on the psyche. Moreover, some critics consider analysis defective because of its emphasis on pathology. By churning the invisible wellsprings of maladjustment, Freud sought to discover normality-which is somewhat like describing the law-abiding citizen through the reprehensible habits of the underworld. He focused on what he called...