Word: bishops
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Dates: during 1950-1959
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...disciples were called Christians first in Antioch," says the New Testament (Acts 11:26); Paul and Barnabas founded the church there, and Peter is said to have been Antioch's bishop before becoming the first Bishop of Rome. Antioch (now in southernmost Turkey) was then a notable Mediterranean city of some 700,000 people, but the Moslem conquest, the Crusades and earthquakes devastated the city, and, probably in the 14th century, the patriarchs moved to Damascus...
Pope John XXIII rode through cheering crowds of Romans this week to take formal possession of the cathedral church of the Bishop of Rome-the great, grey basilica of St. John Lateran. Popes in bygone times used to make the short journey across the city on horseback, which sometimes enlivened the occasion with incident: Clement XIV (1769-74), for instance, fell from his horse on dismounting, only to assure alarmed aides that he was "confusus" but not "contusus." Sixtus V (1585-90) corrected the flattering observation of an ambassador that he had "mounted easily" with the admonition...
...Communists increased their pressure on beleaguered Berlin last week (see FOREIGN NEWS), German Catholics -and Protestants too-rejoiced in Pope John's elevation of Berlin Bishop Julius Doepfner to the rank of cardinal. At 45, Doepfner is the youngest cardinal by eight years. Early advancement is nothing new for square-jawed Julius Doepfner. who looks like Dick Nixon with rimless glasses. When he became Bishop of Würzburg at 35, he was the youngest bishop in Europe; he is still the youngest in Germany...
When he was appointed Bishop of Berlin last year, Doepfner had only seen the city once. Short, muscular, and an enthusiastic mountain climber, he was shocked at first by Berlin's flatness, but he soon found his east (60%)-west (40%) diocese as stimulating as a spur of the Alps. He has battled incessantly against the "youth dedication" ceremonies the Communists have been trying to substitute for Christian confirmation, and against the growing antichurch pressure of the East German regime. Last summer he played host at an all-German Katholikentag, which brought some 150,000 Catholics from both sides...
...started programs of technical advancement by rejecting Christianity; and in the process they had to set up new absolutes. In Russia the idea of the Kingdom of God was transformed into the vision of the classless society; Japan instituted emperor-worship and the messianic mission of the Japanese people. Bishop Newbigin believes that technical culture is not religiously neutral. If it does not keep its roots in the Christian faith, it will have to find a new absolute, and will become demonic...