Word: bissau
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Dates: during 1970-1979
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...contrary the weight of the evidence suggests that during the past thirteen years African nationalists in Guinea-Bissau, Angola, and Mozambique have waged a protracted armed struggle that has inflicted great damage to Portuguese military capability as much as it has weakened that country's economic vitality. My own assessment of the military situation in Mozambique, based on interviews I conducted there this summer as well as on eyewitness accounts and newspaper stories that abound in Zimbabwe (Rhodesia), persuades me to believe that nationalist forces of The Front for the Liberation of Mozambique (FRELIMO) have an upper hand...
Under the circumstances it seems obvious that the junta in Portugal, having lost the war on the ground, has neither the military capability nor the political clout to dictate the course of events in Mozambique; the junta's position is even weaker in Guinea-Bissau, where African nationalists unilaterally declared the country independent in September 1973 and have had the succour of international recognition by over eighty nations. African nationalists in Angola have, through the urgings of the Organization of African Unity, recently agreed to band together to fight for their independence. All in all the story of African resistance...
Finally, a word about the caliber of leadership among African nationalist movements. Professor Rogers suggests that Guinea-Bissau alone has an able leadership ready to take over the reins of government and implies that Lisbon is in a position to groom leaders for both Mozambique and Angola. Apart from the fact that Lisbon has lost the colonial prerogative to decide "when the native is ready for independence," the fact of the matter is that thirteen years of fighting have produced a more seasoned leadership than four hundred years of Portuguese colonialism could master. In my opinion such leaders as Samora...
This year, Harvard opposed a similar resolution direct at Gulf and announced its vote routinely along with 25 others. It also abstained from a vote calling on Phillips Petroleum to remove its operations from another embattled Portuguese colony, Guinea-Bissau. It is a sign of the times that no one seemed to care...
Spinola, a war hero from the stalemate in Guinea-Bissau, did not lead the army revolt but is credited with inspiring it by his publication last February of a book, "Portugal and the Future," which said the wars Lisbon was waging couldn't be won militarily and political solution was necessary. The 64-year-old cavalryman, who wears a monocle and carries a riding crop, rose to lead a junta after the officers who had begun the rebellion called...