Word: blau
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Dates: during 1950-1959
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...fierce and single-minded U.S. Communist named Patricia Blau appealed her conviction for refusing to answer the questions of a Denver grand jury about her Communist affiliations. She pleaded that no witness before any U.S. judicial or investigative body was bound to incriminate himself in his testimony. The U.S. Supreme Court agreed with...
...Blau and reversed her conviction (TIME, Dec. 25, 1950). She was saved by the Fifth Amendment to the U.S. Constitution: "No person . . . shall be compelled in any criminal case to be a witness against himself...
...privilege made available in the Bill of Rights. We have acted with the understanding that the privilege may be claimed not only where it would, but also where it might, not only incriminate but tend to incriminate one, not only of a conviction but of a prosecution. (Blau...
...provides that no one in a criminal case is required to be a witness against himself. As precedent, Justice Black recalled Chief Justice John Marshall's famed ruling in 1807 reaffirming this guarantee of the Fifth Amendment in the Aaron Burr treason trial. From Mr. Burr to Mrs. Blau the constitutional line was clear...
...ruling might be applied to the grubby crew of witnesses who have defied congressional committees on the same grounds. Some 50 witnesses are currently embroiled with the law and facing jail terms for refusing to answer questions like those put to Mrs. Blau. Among them: Earl Browder, Frederick Vanderbilt Field. The famed Hollywood Ten, however, relied primarily on the First Amendment (freedom of speech) in their refusal to answer the question: Are you a Communist...