Word: bloods
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Dates: during 1930-1939
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...Karl Landsteiner, 70. Nervous, Austrian-born Dr. Landsteiner won the 1930 Nobel Prize in Medicine, for discovering that there are four main types of human blood with at least 30 subtypes. As a result of his discovery, blood transfusion ha become a safe operation. His blood tests showed that anthropoid apes and human beings are more closely related than anthropoid apes and monkeys, or monkeys and men. More recently he has been working on the chemistry of body immunity. He has thrown light on the relationship of toxins and similar substances to the antibodies they provoke...
...Alexis Carrel, 65. Most famed of the five, bald, poetic Dr. Carrel won the 1912 Nobel Prize for his remarkable success in suturing blood vessels and transplanting organs. For 27 years he has kept a scrap of chicken heart alive and growing. Every few days the heart has to be trimmed, for it spreads so rapidly that if left alone it would fill the laboratory in a year. At present Dr. Carrel is continuing experiments with Colleague Charles Augustus Lindbergh on the "perfusion pump" (TIME, June 13), which keeps other disembodied organs alive outside the parent body for indefinite periods...
...spite of large corps of professional blood donors, and well-stocked blood banks, hospitals often need blood for emergency transfusions. Last week Dr. Harry Davis of the University of Tennessee Medical School at Memphis, reported that he had used a common medical waste product, ascitic fluid, as a successful substitute for blood...
Ascitic fluid is a clear yellow serum, similar to blood, but more watery, containing neither red nor white blood corpuscles. It collects in the swollen abdomens of persons suffering from dropsy, a condition resulting from cirrhosis of the liver or certain types of heart disease. To relieve pain the patient's abdomen is tapped, and the fluid drained out. Often as much as 410 ounces is withdrawn, and the patient is glad...
...fluid, said Dr. Davis, cannot be given to patients who need red blood corpuscles, but only to those who suffer from shock due to loss of blood and who need to maintain a normal amount of fluid in circulation. It must be sterilized, filtered and typed, just like ordinary blood. Transfusions have been given to nine patients suffering from such diverse ailments as kidney infections, alcoholism, malaria, cancer and gunshot wounds. One man even acted as his own dropsy donor, when Dr. Davis removed 34 ounces of fluid from his stomach, promptly pumped them back into...