Word: bloodstream
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Dates: during 1960-1969
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...heart defect, Barbara Triano entered New York City's Van Etten Hospital in 1960 for tests to determine whether she should undergo open-heart surgery. While glucose was being administered to The Bronx woman, the bottle ran dry. As a result, air bubbles were fed into her bloodstream, causing her heart to stop. Doctors revived the seemingly lifeless patient after a minute and a half, but she was left almost totally blind and suffered a severe speech impairment. After eight years, her suit against the city finally got to court; after three days of trial, Miss Triano, 33, accepted...
...those three decades, Perutz discovered much of what is now known about the hemoglobin molecule, which he rightly calls "an incredible apparatus." Scientists have long known that hemoglobin in the bloodstream carries oxygen from the lungs to the body tissues and returns waste products from the tissues to be exhaled from the lungs. But not until Perutz learned how to put the pieces of his intricate puzzle together did anyone begin to understand just how hemoglobin does...
...first baby. But if the baby is Rh-positive, there is a progressively increasing chance of trouble in later pregnancies. In such cases, the Rh-negative mother develops an immunity to future Rh-positive babies and may send enough damaging antibodies into the developing child's bloodstream to cause stillbirth, brain damage or a miscarriage. Rh disease kills 10,000 babies in the U.S. each year. Until recently, the only treatment was to replace virtually the entire blood supply of the fetus with a massive transfusion in the womb...
...after five years of testing, a new blood extract called RhoGAM has arrived on the market. It enables doctors to protect each subsequent child by merely inoculating the mother. RhoGAM consists of a gamma-globulin fraction rich in Rh antibodies. Injected into the Rh-negative mother's bloodstream no later than three days after a miscarriage or the birth of her first Rh-positive child, it curtails her immune mechanism's production of antibodies and lessens the danger to future Rh-positive children. The inoculation must be repeated after each miscarriage or birth, but the tests show that...
Damaging Proportions. So far, the function of the substance, even in normal amounts, is unknown. Its level in the bloodstream generally rises under conditions of stress, however, so it is apparently involved in the biochemistry of tension and anxiety. In the schizophrenic patient, Gottlieb points out, tension and anxiety are already "out of control." Thus its level may rise unchecked to mind-damaging proportions. By coincidence, the Worcester Foundation research team working with Dr. John R. Bergen discovered and tested similar blood fractions simultaneously with the Lafayette team. They injected the substance into rats that had been trained to reach...