Word: bloodstream
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Dates: during 1980-1989
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...rare display of virtuosity. Michael Brown of the University of Texas Health Science Center at Dallas vividly described the twelve years of work that he and Colleague Joseph Goldstein had carried out on the low-density lipoprotein (LDL) receptor, a molecule that ferries cholesterol-rich particles from the bloodstream into the cell. His explanations were crisply organized, and his slides went beyond standard diagrams to include photographs of patients. Said one listener of Brown and Goldstein: "Their work is dazzling...
...AIDS symptoms themselves but could give the disease to others). Many prostitutes are also intravenous drug users, the group at second-highest risk of developing AIDS because of the frequent - sharing of needles. Researchers speculate that male customers of infected prostitutes may risk absorbing the AIDS virus into their bloodstream from vaginal discharge during intercourse, though that form of transmission has not been proved...
...pills' safety and effectiveness, even though they were merely copies of medicines already being sold. Under the new law, firms need only show that their generic pills are the chemical equivalents of brand-name drugs and deliver the same amount of medicine with the same speed into the bloodstream. Because of this change in the rules, industry experts predict that within a year or two, generic copies of perhaps 150 leading brand-name drugs will appear. They include Valium, a tranquilizer, Diabinese, a pill to control diabetes, and Motrin, a medicine for arthritis. Hemant Shah, a drug-industry specialist...
...Nussenzweig of N.Y.U. continued to pursue a malaria vaccine, a goal many viewed as impossible. The malaria bug presented unique obstacles. The first was the complex life cycle of the Plasmodium parasite, which is in a sense three bugs in one (see diagram): the sporozoite, which enters the human bloodstream when an infected mosquito bites; the merozoite, which invades the red blood cells and causes the disease's chills and fever; and the gametocyte, which, when ingested by a biting mosquito, reproduces inside the insect and yields a new generation of sporozoites...
This year began with the announcement by the Federal Government of the results of the broadest and most expensive research project in medical history. Its subject was cholesterol, the vital yet dangerous yellowish substance whose level in the bloodstream is directly affected by the richness of the diet. Anybody who takes the results seriously may never be able to look at an egg or a steak the same way again. For what the study found, after ten years of research costing $150 million, promises to have a profound impact on how Americans eat and watch their health. Among the conclusions...