Word: bloodstream
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...eras. In 1960 the candidates for the first time debated on television, and politics began an almost metaphysical transformation: the external world was miraculously reconvened as powdered images upon America's internal screen. Electrons fetched out of the air poured the circus directly into the living room, into the bloodstream -- just as they would inject Viet Nam into the center of American consciousness...
...almost every sport, there are some pills and potions that promise black- magic results. To fire their systems up, many competitors have turned to stimulants, using amphetamines or even caffeine enemas and suppositories, because rectal administration puts the chemical into the bloodstream without causing an upset stomach. Testing for "uppers" by sports federations is highly reliable, but use of this class of drugs is not confined to competitions like the Olympics. Some of the most famous cases of stimulant usage have occurred in professional baseball and football, which have lax testing for the substances...
...bran works is still a mystery. One theory is that soluble fiber, which is plentiful in oats as well as citrus fruits and peas and beans, binds up cholesterol-rich bile acids that aid in digestion, thus helping to remove LDLs from the bloodstream. Health experts, however, are cautioning that many new oat products are high in saturated fats and calories. Kellogg's Cracklin' Oats cereal, for example, is made with coconut oil, a dietary no-no. And many muffins are loaded with eggs and sugar. Moreover, oat enthusiasts are mistaken if they think scarfing down oats allows them...
...Langer and his colleagues reconfigured the structure of polymers to enable drugs to be dispensed in measured doses. Explains Langer: "Because its route is so tortuous, the drug gets out, but slowly." Langer is now testing an injectable system for diabetics in which enzymes sensitive to glucose in the bloodstream are placed in microscopic polymers along with insulin. The drug is released through the complex, porous polymer structure. Because the solubility of insulin increases in the presence of glucose, the more glucose in the blood, the more drug is released. This "intelligent" method represents a potential revolution in the treatment...
...Mountain View, Calif., a biotechnology company is developing a nasal spray for diabetics that uses "enhancer molecules" to coat and carry insulin through the mucous membranes and into the bloodstream. Preliminary tests show that a wisp of the spray at mealtime may mimic the healthy body's response to rising blood-sugar levels. According to the company, the insulin can take full effect in less than 15 minutes, in contrast to two to three hours for an injection...