Word: bodmer
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...disease, but the exact mechanism was a mystery. Last week scientists in Britain and Israel reported in the journal Nature that they had discovered that there is a faulty gene that triggers a rare form of colon cancer and found its general location. The discovery, said Sir Walter Bodmer, director of research at London's Imperial Cancer Research Fund and a principal investigator, may eventually enable doctors to provide better diagnosis and treatment for all patients with colon cancer, which in the West is the second most deadly form of the disease, after lung cancer...
...Bodmer's team studied 13 families with familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP), a rare hereditary condition affecting adolescents in which the large intestine is carpeted with hundreds of small growths called polyps, which frequently become cancerous. After reading about a boy who suffered from several disorders, including FAP, that seemed linked to a missing portion of chromosome No. 5,* the researchers hypothesized that all FAP victims lack the same genetic material. They were right. Afflicted patients had the chromosome defects; healthy ones did not. The scientists further postulated that a person with FAP inherits from one parent a healthy gene that...
...accounts for less than 1% of the 170,000 new cases of colorectal cancerdiagnosed in the U.S. and Britain each year. That led Bodmer to ask, "Could the same gene be involved in the normal run of colon cancers?" The researchers analyzed tumors removed from 45 patients with common colorectal cancer. Result: the section of chromosome 5 that contains the FAP gene was missing in more than 25% of the cases. The finding suggested that such cancers occur only after one protective gene is lost and the other is inactivated. Says Gastroenterologist Sidney Winawer, of the Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer...
...Obviously the hope must be that as we learn how the gene works, we can use that to find new ways of treatment," says Bodmer. Indeed, researchers speculate that some remedies may be fairly simple: a diet high in fiber and calcium, for example, may prevent or compensate for these genetic deficiencies...
...Mandan were among the tribes who lived in high style before the European invaders manifested their destiny. The Indians' chief sources of wealth were the bison and the horse. In 1883 the German explorer and naturalist Prince Maximilian of Wied and his Swiss-born companion, Artist Karl Bodmer, traveled among the tribes. The result was Maximilian's diaries, packed with details of Indian life and Bodmer's stunning watercolors. It was a happy marriage of ethnology and art, as the reader is now able to see in this finely produced book...