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...obvious possibility is that Walsh might accuse North and others of conspiring to violate the Boland amendment, which for two years forbade any direct or indirect Government assistance to the contras. As a civil statute, the amendment provides no penalties, but any Government official or private citizen found guilty of conspiring to violate the law could be sent to jail nonetheless...

Author: /time Magazine | Title: Conspiracy Theories | 5/25/1987 | See Source »

...Iran-contra affair exposes a far more disturbing undertone to the Reagan Administration: the belief that some laws are little more than inconvenient pieces of paper. It is now clear that the Reagan team consciously set out to violate the spirit, if not the letter, of the Boland amendment, which banned U.S. military aid to the contras. This same wink-and-nod approach to legality has often been apparent in the Administration's languid enforcement of civil rights statutes. The freewheeling business climate also owes a large debt to the President's none-too-secret hostility to many forms...

Author: /time Magazine | Title: What's Wrong | 5/25/1987 | See Source »

...Secord's activities, and those of Government officials who assisted him, violate the law? The principal statute at issue is the Boland amendment, which from October 1984 to October 1986 banned direct or indirect Government military aid to the contras. Secord insisted that the Boland amendment did not apply to private citizens like him unless those citizens used money appropriated by Congress, which Secord said they did not do. He testified, however, that his network had received extensive help from Government officials; in addition to North, who oversaw the whole operation, these included several CIA agents and former Ambassador...

Author: /time Magazine | Title: The Man Who Ran the Show | 5/18/1987 | See Source »

...first phase, which some staffers refer to as an exploration of "Contra, Inc." Secord will be followed by Robert McFarlane, the former National Security Adviser, who has testified extensively about his unfortunate dealings with Iran but not about the secret contra resupply. He was at NSC when the Boland Amendment banned direct military aid to the rebels...

Author: /time Magazine | Title: Hints Of Conspiracy | 5/11/1987 | See Source »

...Tower commission finds the legality of these NSC staff actions murky, partly because in December 1985 Congress altered the Boland Amendment to permit some CIA intelligence exchanges with the contras. A classified appendix provided other loopholes. Scowcroft calls the Boland Amendment a "masterpiece of ambiguity...

Author: /time Magazine | Title: The Tower Panel: Laying Out the Brutal Facts | 3/9/1987 | See Source »

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