Word: bolivia
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Dates: during 1940-1949
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Founding Father. The workers in Mexico, the speaker in Central Park, and many another who marked the day, remembered that Bolívar was the liberator of four countries: his native Venezuela, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, an area ten times the size of mother Spain; that he founded a fifth, Bolivia, once known as Upper Peru. They forgot his fatal quarrels with associates...
...toughest environments on earth is the high, thin-aired Andes. Lowland visitors puff & pant after trying to walk a few blocks in Oroya, Peru (12,000 feet) or La Paz, Bolivia (12,400 feet). Some get soroche (mountain sickness) so badly that they lose consciousness. Many lowlanders never get adjusted, and have to move back "down the hill...
...Jauja, the conquerors themselves might have failed to increase and multiply. It was 53 years before the 20,000 Spaniards in Potosi, Bolivia (14,000 feet) produced a single child which lived more than a fortnight. The high Andes had no self-perpetuating white population until Spaniards born at intermediate altitudes moved up the slopes. Americans living at high mining camps today send their wives down to sea level as soon as they become pregnant...
High on the chill slopes of Bolivia's 12,000-ft. altiplano, a cholo (half-Indian) store clerk one day let a prospector settle a $250 account for a claim to a tin mine. The clerk's boss, outraged by the deal, gave him the claim and made him pay the bill. That was how, at the turn of the century, cholo Simón I. Patiño got into the tin business. For years, he and his sinewy wife wielded picks, hauled up buckets, smashed ore. By 1910, they were rich...
...story is told in terms of Bolivia's one export crop: tin. For weeks, Bolivia has been dickering with the U.S. Metals Reserve Co. for a 9?-a-pound price boost (to 76?) on the 20,000 tons it ships annually to the tin-hungry U.S. The U.S. finally offered 74?. Then the Argentines (who are granting Bolivia a $62,500,000 loan) stepped in. Argentina contracted for 8,000 tons a year at the Bolivian asking price and agreed to take 12,000 tons more if no other buyers showed...