Word: bolivia
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Dates: during 1950-1959
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Nearly 126 years ago, Bolívar tried to get Colombians to accept the new constitution he had written for the Republic of Bolivia. As a republican charter, it was a shocker; among other things, it called for a powerful President elected for life, drastic limitation of voting rights, and a three-chamber Congress, including a strong Chamber of Censors-also chosen for life. Colombians rejected the Liberator's plan, went along instead with the local-rights doctrines of Bolívar's estranged lieutenant, Francisco de Paula Santander, father of Colombia's Liberal Party...
...Loudest cheers voiced over the resignation of RFC Chairman Symington came from Bolivians, bitter because he had slashed the prices for Bolivia's main source of income...
...resulting deadlock, the U.S. had to dip into its strategic stockpile, ration tin to industry. Columnist David Lawrence charged Bolivia, in collusion with British-Southeast Asia interests, with "the biggest holdup in the whole field of raw materials," and asserted that its tin owners, "now getting a 100% return on their invested capital, expect even more if the new phases of the blackmail should be successful...
Life & Death. Yet more was involved than exorbitant profits for Bolivian tin magnates. Bolivia depends wholly on tin income. Tin exports provide more than four-fifths of the country's foreign exchange, needed to pay for essential imports, including food. Taxes on tin account for more than half of the government's revenues-and for eight months the companies have been advancing money to the government to keep it going...
...dispute had an acute and unfavorable impact all over Latin America. When RFC policy began to hurt Bolivia, every other one-crop country in the hemisphere felt vicarious pain. Chile worried about copper, Peru about tuna, Venezuela about oil, Uruguay about wool, Cuba about sugar. It was not hard to fan nationalist resentment against the hard Yankee trader. Last week Bolivians canvassed the possibility of charging the U.S. with "economic aggression" under the agreement signed at Bogot...