Word: bolivia
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Dates: during 1970-1979
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...past 154 years (and once had three heads of state in a single 24-hour period), the most notable thing about the overthrow of President Walter Guevara Arze by Colonel Alberto Natusch Busch was its timing. It came just days after U.S. Secretary of State Cyrus Vance had urged Bolivia's leading politicians to support the country's first civilian government after a decade of military rule...
Guevara, a political moderate who once served as Bolivia's Ambassador to the United Nations, seemed doomed from the moment he was sworn in three months ago. Various plotters began planning at least three separate coups after Bolivia's Congress chose Guevara to serve as interim President until an election next May. Natusch, 46, the commander of the military training school, struck first. Backed by junior officers, he dispatched a force to surround the palace, dissolved Congress and declared himself President...
Celebrated outlaws are also perpetual sources of popular revisionism. While the film Butch Cassidy and the Sundance Kid purported to document conclusively that the two bank-robbing adventurers died during a fling in Bolivia, some Wild West buffs insist to this day that Butch beat it back to the U.S. around 1910 and lived quietly with relatives out West. Jesse James stirred such a spirited buzzard of legend and myth that, after he was shot dead, subsequent generations were persuaded by transparent impostors that the St. Joe desperado was, yessir, still alive. Questions about James (Was he a Robin Hood...
...proved to be a temporary turning point. In that year a Peruvian government undertook to save the animals by creating a 16,000-acre preserve called Pampa Galeras in the windswept highlands in the southern part of the country. Peru also signed a pact with Bolivia that banned for ten years the hunting of vicuna and the sale of products made from the animal; subsequently, Chile and Argentina joined in the La Paz Convention. In 1973, 51 nations voted to place the vicuña on the endangered-species list and bar it from the commercial market...
That gloomy forecast reflected Somoza's growing diplomatic isolation as well as his deteriorating military position. The first setback came when the Andean Group (Ecuador, Peru, Bolivia, Colombia and Venezuela) abandoned its efforts to negotiate a truce in the latest flare-up of the 19-month-old civil war. Instead, the five countries declared that a "state of belligerency" existed in Nicaragua and that they considered the Sandinistas to be "a legitimate army." The declaration was designed to allow the group to supply arms to the rebels without violating international laws against intervention in the internal affairs of another...