Word: bolivians
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Dates: during 1940-1949
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...least 75% of Bolivians are illiterate. Schools are ill-equipped, ill-staffed. A deplored fact: "Bolivian law requires that mining enterprises and haciendas maintain primary schools for their employes. . . . [Thus] the control of administration and teaching personnel remains in the management of these interests...
Last week the report was released in La Paz. Most of the fears turned out to have been unnecessary. An impartial U.S.Bolivian Commission of jurists, unionists, industrialists and Government economists found many an example of outrageous exploitation, many a sore spot in the Bolivian economy. But the authors of the report also demonstrated an intelligent awareness that the root causes lay deep in centuries of poverty and inevitably slow development. In its sum, the report was at once an indictment of those who now exploit these conditions, and a challenge to all the Americas to raise the standards of substandard...
Land-locked Bolivia last week followed impatient Brazil into the war. The Bolivian Congress must still ratify a state-of-war decree issued by President Enrique Peñaranda, but to all effects Bolivia became the second South American country at war with the Axis...
Militarily, Bolivia's move was of minor importance (she has fewer than 15,000 men in her standing army, plus perhaps 185,000 reserves). Diplomatically, the step was a victory for U.S. policy in Latin America, and the effect on the flow of important Bolivian supplies to the Allies may be substantial...
...probably meant was that troops or mobilized civilians can be set to mining tin, tungsten, lead, copper, antimony, harvesting rubber, producing quinine, building roads. Labor for these enterprises has been scarce, and it has sometimes been both obstreperous and ill-treated. Mobilization presumably will not be a boon to Bolivian labor, but it may well increase production of Bolivian war material...