Word: bols
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Rembrandt versus Bol...
Photographs on exhibition show the help given by the X-ray in determining whether certain paintings are the work of Rembrandt or of his pupil, Ferdinand Bol, who studied under the master from 1635 to 1641. On one disputed picture, a portrait of "Saskia," the shadow graphs indicate that the underpainting is probably the work of Bol, while the final surface painting is probably by Rembrandt. X-ray evidence shows that several paintings, once attributed to Rembrandt, may really prove to be the work of Bol, whose underpainting is cruder and less decisive than the master...
From his young manhood, no prophet could have predicted Bolívar's future. Heir to one of the biggest fortunes in Venezuela (his childhood income was around $20,000 a year), this slight, hot-tempered, handsome young Creole aristocrat was the pampered darling of his family, at 17 began his conquests in the salons and boudoirs of Europe (Queen Maria Luisa of Spain was rumored one of the many). Then suddenly he left on a walking tour with his old tutor, a votary of Rousseau and the Greeks. Three months later, in Italy, Bolívar made...
Wearing an old blue jacket and forage cap, affectionately nicknamed "Culo de Hierro" (Iron Arse), Bolívar would suddenly break the tedium of a march by challenging his companions to outjump him. He liked to dance with female camp followers around the campfire, would break off abruptly to dictate (in Spanish, French or English) his fast, polished sentences to a secretary. He pardoned his venal aides, refused to feather his own nest, praised his generals unstintedly. He deliberately resigned as Supreme Chief in order to discourage dictatorship...
...when he was away his generals began plotting to junk the Constitution. Five years after military victory the new republics were chasing after dictators faster than Bolívar could run. When Colombia started a counterrevolution and his beloved General Sucre was assassinated Bolívar wrote: "All who have served the Revolution have ploughed...