Word: bolshevik
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Dates: during 1980-1989
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Uspensky was not always disenchanted with Soviet politics. Born and raised in a staunchly Bolshevik family, he started life with all the making of a happy member of socialist society. Both his parents belonged to the Communist party and his father, a prominent judge, presided over a special court that tried counter-revolutionaries. In 1931, at the age of 14, Uspensky joined the Young Communist League, and 11 years later, became a member of the Communist Party. At 18 he joined the army, attended military school, and then military academy...
...commissar was noted, it was also forgiven. But nine years later the party was not so lenient. In 1944, Uspensky, who had risen quickly in the Soviet Army, took part in a seminar on the post-war tactics of the Communist Party. Although he still considered himself a loyal Bolshevik, he felt that some of the party's actions were incompatible with Communist ideology, and used the opportunity to aim masked criticism at Stalin. "I was clandestine and hoped I could get away with it," Uspensky says. "I said things which are now considered quite right, but then were rather...
During all the years of his exile after the Bolshevik revolution, Vladimir Nabokov obsessively sought to recapture "a Russian something that I could inhale/ but could not see." There are glimpses of that Russian something in Photographs for the Tsar (Dial; 214 pages; $35), the best of the color shots that the chemist and photographer Sergei Mikhailovich Prokudin-Gorskii began taking in 1909 at the behest of Tsar Nicholas II. Having fascinated the Romanovs with a color slide show at the court at Tsarskoe Selo, Prokudin-Gorskii gained an imperial commission to record the art and people of the Russian...
...glimpses of an airless place, always the city, with looming buildings, threatening, gray and crystalline, where the exact divisions between things seem to mirror the divisions and conflicts of class that concerned many of the painters. In particular, they obsessed Grosz. One of his friends called him "a Bolshevik in painting, nauseated by painting." This was not quite true, for although Grosz once declared that compared with the practical tasks of political revolution, art was "an utterly secondary affair," it was the only weapon he had, and he used it diligently. Grosz's theater of capitalism is as clear...
Richard Pipes, Baird Professor of History, said yesterday "Ten Days That Shook the World" is "a highly romantic account without much relationship to reality." The Soviet government uses Reed today as a "good name, a foreigner, just about the only one at the time sympathetic to the Bolshevik cause," Pipes added...