Word: bolsheviks
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Washington was warm during 1917, but things were decidedly hotter in Petrograd. On the night of October 24 Lenin and a well-organized group of Bolsheviks overthrew the provisional government and proclaimed themselves the new rulers of Russia. News of the revolt shocked the whole world, but it positively astounded the members of the Russian embassy in Washington. On the next day Karpovich himself decoded a cable from Trotsky, in which the Bolshevik leader said that if the diplomats there would recognize the new regime they might continue to represent Russia, but if not, would they please vacate the embassy...
Sukhanov refused to become a Bolshevik and regarded Lenin and Trotsky as brazen adventurers, ignorant of the mas ter role of economics in "scientific Socialism." By October, Lenin and Trotsky were more intent on seizing power than sticking to strict Marxist theory. Ironically, they decided on a coup d'état in Sukhanov's own flat; Lenin showed up, still incognito, wearing a wig and without beard. Two weeks later, in what is known as the October revolution, the Bolsheviks marched friendly troops to key points and Trotsky sneeringly consigned opposition party members to the "dustbin of history...
...Bolshevik Army. When the Bolshevik Revolution broke in 1917, Zhukov was back home in his Kaluga village, a sick young dragoon of 21 and, like millions of other Russians, profoundly disillusioned vith the Czar's conduct of the war. To crush active opposition to their rule, the Bolsheviks formed an army out of bands of irregulars, war refugees, peasants, groups of industrial workers and trade unionists. "Even after defeats and retreats," reported Trotsky, the first Bolshevik War Commissar, "the flabby, panicky mob would be transformed in two or three weeks into an efficient fighting force. It needed good commanders...
...bombast the marshals had a message for the Soviet people. In its most pointed form it was delivered by egg-bald Marshal Ivan Konev, a figure of growing significance in the shifting Soviet scene. Pravda last week gave special prominence to an article by him. Konev was a Bolshevik before he was a soldier, but he is a fighting marshal who has earned his decorations the hard way and has the respect of the Russian people...
Karpovich admitted that soviet censorship has changed greatly since the Revolution and is now much stricter than it was under Lenin. He maintained, however, that the basic policy has been the same, and pointed out that as early as 1918 the Bolshevik regime abolished the study of philosophy in all universities and substituted that of dialectical materialism...