Word: bomb
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Dates: during 1960-1969
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...controversy rages about the actual effects of fallout and the level at which it becomes intolerably dangerous to human health. At one extreme is Dr. Linus Pauling, Caltech's Nobel Prizewinning chemist, who believes that the fallout danger point was reached when the U.S. exploded the first atomic bomb in the New Mexico desert in 1945 to usher in the Atomic Age. Pauling estimates that one 50-megaton bomb alone would cause 40,000 babies to be born with physical defects in the next few generations, and 400,000 more defective or still-born babies over the next...
...Energy-called last week in strong words for atmospheric tests. Said Anderson: "We must conduct atmospheric tests because the underground tests have not given us all the answers we need." Connecticut's Democrat Senator Thomas J. Dodd demanded a crash program of testing to develop a deadly neutron bomb (TIME, July 7), which scientists still consider several years away from reality. Added Georgia's Democratic Senator Richard B. Russell: It is essential to ''conduct some atmospheric tests-until we perfect the neutron bomb...
...certainly does: in less than 20 years. Chemist Seaborg shared in the discovery of nine new elements, all of them in the heavy, transuranium field. In 1940, when he was just 28, Seaborg and Physicist Edwin McMillan identified plutonium, and with it, the key to the atomic bomb; in 1951 Seaborg and McMillan received the Nobel Prize for their discovery. Working in a University of California laboratory, Seaborg and his associates gradually extended the periodic table of elements, usually named their discoveries for their place of origin (americum, berkelium, californium), or for fellow scientists (curium, einsteinium, fermium). But Seaborg modestly...
With the discovery of plutonium, Seaborg moved into the forefront of nuclear science. In 1942 he went to Chicago as one of the key figures in the development of the atom bomb, spent the war years directing chemical research at the University of Chicago Metallurgical Laboratory-under the Army's Manhattan Project. Seaborg was largely responsible for the chemical separation processes used in the manufacture of plutonium at Oak Ridge, Tenn., and Richland, Wash., in the tense months before Hiroshima...
After the war, Seaborg served as a member of the General Advisory Committee of the Atomic Energy Commission, gave his reluctant support to the crash program that developed the hydrogen bomb-a program that split the nation's scientific community. "Although I deplore the prospect of our country putting a tremendous effort into the H-bomb," he said, "I must confess that I have been unable to come to the conclusion that we should...