Word: bone-marrow
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DIED. PAUL TSONGAS, 55, former U.S. Senator and presidential candidate; of pneumonia contracted after liver surgery on Jan. 10; in Boston. In 1983 Tsongas was found to have lymphoma, but it was successfully treated, and at his death there was no sign that it had returned. However, bone-marrow transplants he received contributed to liver problems, requiring the operation. A Democrat, Tsongas served two terms in the House, and was elected to the Senate from Massachusetts in 1978, but he decided to serve only one term because of his illness. With the cancer under control, he ran for President...
DIED. CARL SAGAN, 62, scientist and eloquent popularizer of astronomy whose lectures, books and TV appearances brought the majesty of the universe to ordinary earthlings; of pneumonia after a two-year battle with bone-marrow disease; in Seattle. Sagan's mantra of "billions and billions" of stars from his award-winning 1980 PBS series Cosmos became both the object of parody and popular shorthand for the vastness of the universe. The show attracted a global audience of more than 500 million people in 60 countries. A prolific writer, Sagan won a Pulitzer Prize in 1978 for The Dragons of Eden...
Democrats lost an Alabama Senate seat when Richard Shelby switched parties. Now, with Howell Heflin stepping down, they could lose the other. But Bedford, who underwent a 1990 bone-marrow transplant to combat cancer, is a fighter with the experience to win. Campaigning on a family-and-faith platform, he opposes school vouchers and supports federal programs that help children...
...Nobel prizewinner Peter Medawar, had come to recognize that tolerance was possible. If bone marrow, for instance, would only accept an interloping cell, the larger system would follow suit. The trouble was, the only way to achieve that was to kill off the body's entire current bone-marrow supply and replace it with another--a technique oncologists use as a last-ditch weapon to try to cleanse patients of such systemic cancers as leukemia and breast cancer...
...bone-marrow work and solid-organ transplant work have traditionally been two separate fields of medicine. "The big misconception," says Starzl, "was not realizing that the acceptance and tolerance of solid-organ grafts are due to the same mechanisms described by Medawar. There is a seamless work of transplantation immunology. It's so damn simple, it's crushing...