Word: boning
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Dates: during 1980-1989
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...effect a cure, doctors would remove bone-marrow cells from a patient and expose them to a retrovirus* engineered to carry correctly functioning versions of the patient's faulty gene. When the retrovirus invaded a marrow cell, it would insert itself into the cellular DNA, as retroviruses are wont to do, carrying the good gene with it. Reimplanted in the marrow, the altered marrow cells would take hold and multiply, churning out the previously lacking protein and curing the thalassemia patient...
...might force the 60-year- old carrier to go belly up -- and lose Eastern's 31,200 jobs in the process. For Lorenzo, the intense chairman of Eastern's parent firm, Texas Air, the prospects were no better: the nation's seventh largest airline was clearly in for a bone-jarring ride, huge financial losses and a very uncertain landing...
...possibilities for gene therapy will be limited for the near future. If gene transplants are performed on tissue cells -- bone-marrow cells, for instance -- the altered genes will die with the patient; they cannot be passed on to any children the patient might subsequently have. Someday, however, it may be possible to change genes in germ cells, which give rise to sperm or eggs. If that feat is accomplished, the new genes would be transmitted to one generation after another...
...mission is filled with scientific experiments. The rats, with chips of bone cut from their legs, are to be studied to determine how well broken bones heal in the weightlessness of space...
...issue is an important step toward learning how well a broken human bone might mend during long flights aboard a space station or on a trip to Mars...