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Word: boron (lookup in dictionary) (lookup stats)
Dates: during 1950-1959
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Usage:

...silicon in the battery is first grown in pure crystals, cut into strips, then impregnated to a depth of only one ten-thousandth of an inch with minor impurities. The top surface is treated with boron, whose atom has one less electron in its outer shell than silicon has; the bottom layer is treated with arsenic, whose atom has one more electron in its outer shell than silicon has. When light strikes near the junction of the two layers, it pushes electrons to the bottom surface, pulls "holes" (electronless gaps) to the top surface, creating a difference in voltage...

Author: /time Magazine | Title: Science: Solar Batteries | 5/3/1954 | See Source »

...tiny quantities. Scales big enough to handle good-sized samples are not nearly as sensitive. Last week Dr. Alsoph H. Corwin of Johns Hopkins University told about a scale that he has developed which is both strong and sensitive. Its beam teeters on a finely polished knife edge of boron carbide (almost as hard as diamond), resting on the same material. The edge is so sharp that the pressure on its minute bearing surface is 25,000 Ibs. per sq. in. It must be handled with extraordinary care to keep this great force from blunting it. The scale will weigh...

Author: /time Magazine | Title: Science: New Gadgets, Nov. 23, 1953 | 11/23/1953 | See Source »

...first patient who received this treatment was almost unconscious when she went to Brookhaven. The woman could not talk and did not recognize her family. Into her bloodstream the doctors injected a solution containing boron, a common, stable element with an atomic weight of 10. But under neutron bombardment, boron-10 changes to an excited boron-11, which lives about one-hundredth of a trillionth of a second. In that infinitesimal fraction of time before it decays to stable lithium, it shoots out alpha particles...

Author: /time Magazine | Title: Atomic Medicine: THE GREAT SEARCH FOR CURES ON A NEW FRONTIER | 4/7/1952 | See Source »

...When the boron had soaked through the woman's system, including the brain tumor that was killing her, the doctors placed her head near Brookhaven's high-flux pile. While the doctors watched from a platform, the pile operator threw the controls and a stream of neutrons from the pile shot through her skull, aimed at the tumor site. For 17 minutes the boron in the tumor was turned, atom by atom, into a source of instantaneous alpha radiation...

Author: /time Magazine | Title: Atomic Medicine: THE GREAT SEARCH FOR CURES ON A NEW FRONTIER | 4/7/1952 | See Source »

Although he refused to commit himself until more information about the results of the boron experiments is available, Sweet admitted it was hoped that some day a point would be reached where the therapy would take the place of surgery, when "it is possible to destroy the morbid tissue without brain injury...

Author: NO WRITER ATTRIBUTED | Title: Atom Particle Locates Tumors; Furnishes New Cancer Detector | 3/26/1952 | See Source »

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