Word: bosporus
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During his two-day visit to Turkey, George Bush watched whirling dervishes perform, sailed down the Bosporus and seemed calm and relaxed. That was pretty remarkable, considering that a few days earlier Turkish officials had foiled an elaborate plot to kill the U.S. President. Acting on information developed by Turkey's National Intelligence Organization, police mounted a series of raids on eight safe houses in Istanbul, killing 10 people and capturing 12 others involved in the attempt...
Countries frequently stimulate exports by giving grants or loans to foreign governments. A Japanese-led consortium landed a $550 million contract to build a bridge across the Bosporus strait because Japan agreed to give Turkey a 25- year, $205 million loan at 5% interest. A French firm used government financing to close a deal to put up a $160 million fertilizer plant in Thailand...
...Kremlin blueprint taking form, but they are nonetheless deeply concerned. They can imagine a "Finlandized" or neutralized Turkey, a Sovietized Afghanistan, a Balkanized Pakistan and an Iran in some still unpredictable state of disarray. Politically tenuous and strategically crucial, this band of non-Arab Islamic countries stretches from the Bosporus in the west to the Hindu Kush in the east?nearly 3,000 miles of buffer between Russia and the warm waters of the Mediterranean, the Persian Gulf and the Arabian Sea. It is potentially a geopolitical disaster area, in which the strategic balance is shifting in favor...
...Carter Administration favors more sympathy toward Turkey, which shares a 370-mile border with the Soviet Union. Turkey also controls the Bosporus and the Dardanelles, strategic straits that provide access to the Mediterranean for Russia's powerful Black Sea fleet. Moreover, Turkey's entire 500,000-strong armed forces have been seriously weakened by the arms embargo; the effectiveness of its air force has declined by 50%. Says Secretary of State Cyrus Vance: "Turkey supplies more ground forces to NATO than any other na tion. If Turkey is to continue to play its NATO role, our relationship must be revitalized...
There can hardly have been two distant cities whose fate was, for good and ill, more intimately linked than Venice and Constantinople. Soon after the Emperor Constantino the Great established his new Christian Rome by the Bosporus in 334 A.D., Constantinople, the fabled golden city of Byzantium, became the matrix of European civilization. During Constantinople's rise, Rome was a tract of ruins and Venice only a cluster of wattle huts on a lagoon mudbank...