Word: bottomly
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Dates: during 1950-1959
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...extension of the three-dimensional perspective space system perfected by the Renaissance and exploited into trompel'oeil mediocrity by the Academics of the 19th century. Also impressive among the Cezanne works in the first floor gallery, is the painting Le Tholonet (1906) in which the unfinished canvas at the bottom left serves as a perhaps unintentional means towards a dynamic impulsion into space...
...Busch from the equally random method of installation accorded the exhibition. The installation of three sculptures in one case, one on top of the other, has never been the dream of the artgoer, and the use of different levels is handled poorly--without any strong accents on the bottom level of the main gallery, the collection is allowed to dribble off to nowhere. I'll add one good note about the exhibition's installation: two incredibly large and mildly good Van Goyens have been sent over to the Fogg where they are suitably scaled in size and gloom...
Mysterious Trenches. An ocean-bottom problem that fascinates all oceanographers is the origin of the deep troughs that are found mostly in the Pacific. The deepest ones, e.g., the Tonga Trench, the Marianas Trench, have narrow V bottoms that are clear of sediment. They are uneasy parts of the earth's crust. Deep-focus earthquakes rumble out of them, and generally volcanoes spout near...
Only a small part of the ocean bed is yet known in any detail. Recent surveys have shown that large areas of the bottom are covered thickly with rounded, blackish nodules that have grown as crusts around some nucleus, sometimes a shark's tooth. They are mostly iron and manganese oxides, but they often contain considerable amounts of copper, nickel and cobalt. "The amounts are absolutely staggering," says Dr. Henry Menard of Scripps. One 10-million-sq.-mi. area in the Pacific, he estimates, has nodules worth hundreds of thousands of dollars per square mile...
...Today oceanography is working to perfect its tools. There are intelligent buoys, which can be anchored at sea, and queried by radio for oceanographic and meteorological data. Other buoys sink to the bottom, where they can record currents, take pictures of their surroundings. They will be brought to the surface months later by a small charge of TNT exploded near by, which triggers their ballast-release mechanism...