Word: boycott
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Dates: during 1950-1959
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...weeks of tension: Gus Courts of Belzoni, Miss., boycotted and shot after he refused to take his name off the voting registration lists; Autherine Lucy, late of the University of Alabama; the Rev. Ralph Abernathy, one of a score of Negro ministers indicted in connection with the Negro bus boycott in Montgomery...
...Divinity School will probably permit its chapel to be used for a special day of prayer devoted to the Negro ministers and laymen arrested on charges of encouraging a bus boycott in Montgomery, Alabama...
Caucasian officialdom in Montgomery, Ala. (pop. 120,000) moved drastically last week to break the twelve-week-old Negro boycott of the Jim Crow city buses (TIME, Jan. 16 et seq.). Hastily dusting off an old (1921) antilabor state law forbidding restraint of trade, a grand jury voted indictment of 115 of the city's Negro leaders-including a score of Negro ministers. "In this state," the indictment read, "we are committed to segregation by custom and by law; we intend to maintain it." Arrested on George Washington's birthday, one of the Negro ministers responded: "The Negroes...
...hold water in court. Such anti-boycott legislation is certainly no clear constitutional breach; similar laws have been upheld many times. Nevertheless, many observers feel that, regardless of the legal outcome, the City of Montgomery has played directly into their opposition's hands. Coming at a time when the boycott seemed at a hopeless stalemate, the indictments have served only to encourage Negro passive resistance. Last Friday, Negoes walked Montgomery streets in a mass 24-hour pilgrimage to prove their solidarity, even in the face of legal action...
...impressive display of Negro unanimity throughout the boycott has surprised those who feel that the average southern Negro is a genial Aunt Jemima who "knows her place and respects her white folks." The Montgomery boycott is unique and significant. It points to a unmistakable trend in Dixie, an increasing awareness by the Negro of his plight and a determination to do something about it. Ironically, the Negroes in Montgomery have appropriated the same weapon which White Citizens' Councils have successfully employed in Mississippi and other states--economic strangulation. It works both ways...