Word: branco
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Dates: during 1960-1969
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...Arena. Thus it was last week under the democratic dictatorship of Marshal (retired) Humberto Castello Branco, 65, leader of the 1964 military revolution which aimed to clean up Brazilian politics once and for all. In Brazilian terms, the predicament was relatively simple. Castello Branco had annulled the nation's 13 fractious political parties, ordered them to join hands to form two new ones: a government party called Arena (for National Renovation Alliance) and a loyal opposition party called Modebras (for Brazilian Democratic Movement...
Redeeming Feature. Kubitschek, currently in self-exile in Manhattan, is a man without honor in Brazil. President Humberto Castello Branco's revolutionary government has suspended the ex-President's political rights for ten years on charges of corruption in office. Nevertheless, Castello Branco has tripled the Belém-Brasilia budget to $9,000,000 yearly for maintenance and road improvement. Even so bitter a Kubitschek critic as Carlos Lacerda, the acid-tongued ex-governor of Guanabara (Rio), gives the ex-President his due. "I'm an old enemy of Juscelino's," Lacerda told some road...
...month ago, Castello Branco dissolved Brazil's 14 fractured political parties and ordered them to reorganize under strict new rules designed to eliminate all but the biggest and most representative. The rules required at least 20 of 66 federal Senators and 120 of 409 federal Deputies to form a party. What the government hoped for was two, possibly three parties-its own, plus a moderately vocal opposition. But as one Senator put it: "Who's crazy enough to risk his mandate by outspokenly opposing the government?" Only 117 Deputies and 18 Senators pledged themselves to the opposition-five...
Reform & Recession. That may be just what Brazil needs, considering the way Castello Branco's government is running the country. When the revolutionaries took over in April 1964, Brazil was approaching bankruptcy, with foreign-exchange reserves of less than $150 million, and a cost of living that was soaring at the fantastic rate of 144% a year. By last week Brazil's foreign exchange was back to a safer $300 million, and the inflationary price rise had been cut more than two-thirds to 45% for 1965-"still pretty bad," says one Washington official, "but for Brazil that...
Most of the credit goes to Castello Branco's Minister of Economic Planning, Roberto de Oliveira Campos, 48, a U.S.-trained economist and Brazil's onetime Ambassador to the U.S. Campos is doing more than trying to reform an economy; he is trying to discipline a national mentality. For a starter, he eliminated $200 million a year in government wheat, oil and newsprint import subsidies, thus halting a wasteful drain on Brazil's treasury. He then ended labor's inflation-producing 75%-to-100% wage hikes, slowed down the money presses, and began reforming Brazil...