Word: branco
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...Brazilian military men who rose up 19 months ago against corruption and Communism last week rose up once again. In Brasilia's Planalto Palace, President Humberto Castello Branco marched to a microphone and made the announcement. "The revolution is alive," he said. "It will not retreat. It has promoted reforms and will continue to undertake them. However, agitators are menacing the revolutionary order precisely when the revolution is trying to give the people practice in the discipline of exercising democracy...
With that, Castello Branco laid down a new Institutional Act far tougher than the one imposed to govern the country immediately after the revolution. It gives him power to suspend the political rights of any Brazilian, sack any municipal or federal legislator, intervene in any state "to prevent or repress the subversion of order." He can declare a state of siege for up to 180 days, shut down the national Congress, and decree any laws "complementary to the present act." Moreover, the armed forces, through the National Security Council, can dismiss any public employees who are deemed "incompatible with...
There will be a presidential election next year-by indirect majority vote of Congress rather than direct popular vote. Castello Branco will not be a candidate. All existing political parties must disband and re-form under strict new rules, to eliminate all but the biggest. The government itself will form a "Party of the Revolution" and present a candidate to run for President...
...Disgust. The new act is undoubtedly harsh, probably harsher than Castello Branco, a man dedicated to constitutional democracy, would have liked to see. Yet it is what the military linha dura, or hardline, officers demanded. These are the soldiers who led the March 1964 coup against Leftist Joao Goulart in disgust at the corruption, demagoguery, and opportunistic politics that have prevailed in Brazil for years. Under Castello Branco, the Communists have been wiped out but not all the grafters have-and this has been a constant irritation to the military...
...heterogeneity; the prevailing structure of social classes and the needed types of change; the opportunities for modernizing revolutions in contrast to violent social revolutions; the political options other than dictatorships of left or right or simon-pure liberal democracy; the nature of the 1964 Brazilian revolution and the Castello Branco regime; and the viability of the Alliance for Progress. Lincoln Gordon United States Ambassador to Brazil