Word: brattain
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Dates: during 1990-1999
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...transistor was born just before Christmas 1947 when John Bardeen and Walter Brattain, two scientists working for William Shockley at Bell Telephone Laboratories in Murray Hill, N.J., observed that when electrical signals were applied to contacts on a crystal of germanium, the output power was larger than the input. Shockley was not present at that first observation. And though he fathered the discovery in the same way Einstein fathered the atom bomb, by advancing the idea and pointing the way, he felt left out of the momentous occasion...
...power--if only someone could get them to function as electronic valves. Shockley and his team figured out how to accomplish this trick. Understanding of the significance of the invention of what came to be called the transistor (for transfer resistance) spread quite rapidly. In 1956 Shockley, Bardeen and Brattain shared a Nobel Prize in Physics--an unusual awarding of the Nobel for the invention of a useful article...
TRANSISTOR William Shockley, Walter Brattain and John Bardeen invent the transistor at Bell Labs...
...research team at Bell Laboratories led by William Shockley, John Bardeen and Walter Brattain invents the transistor...