Word: brazil
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Dates: during 1960-1969
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...attention. Mexico's Diaz Ordaz administers a prosperous, rapidly industrializing nation. Venezuela's Raul Leoni is pumping his country's vast oil wealth into impressive reforms; Argentina's Arturo Illia is struggling with inflationary troubles in the best-fed nation in Latin America; and Brazil's Humberto Castello Branco seems to be starting his gigantic country back toward order after toppling a ruinous leftist regime. But there is genuine excitement in Peru. What is going on there under Belaúnde lights a path ahead for the entire spiny west coast of South America from...
Belaunde has even bigger plans for the interior. At best, Peru's stony Andes can support only marginal farming. Across the peaks lies the great, green montana, Peru's eastern lowland that stretches out to the Amazon and Brazil. The montana represents 62% of Peru's land area, is rich in rubber, jute, fruits, coffee, timber and grass for ranching. Yet it is home to barely 14% of Peru's people. The problem is accessibility. There are few roads and no railroads across the mountains; transportation is by air, or up the rivers...
Blue-water yachtsmen who have made the 1,200-mile thrash from Argentina to Brazil are convinced that the triennial Buenos Aires-Rio race is the most infuriating test of men and boats yet devised. The prevailing northeasterly head winds often hit 40 knots or more. Complicating matters is the mast-snapping pampeiro, a westerly-land wind that frequently howls off the pampas at even greater force-only to die in a sudden, glassy calm. The Brazilian Curfent-the backwash of the Gulf Stream-is supposed to flow southward at two or three knots. But it weaves like a snake...
...harsh but necessary decision. Among the many things bleeding Brazil is its airline industry. In the early days, the country needed airlines to open up the remote interior. The government awarded routes to anyone with a wing and a prayer, encouraged the lines to stay aloft with subsidies, artificially low fuel prices, and special exchange rates on planes and parts. By 1953, no fewer than 20 scheduled airlines crisscrossed Brazil with a spaghetti-like network of routes. There are still six domestic carriers, including three with international routes. On some routes, as many as five lines compete for the same...
...group of New York investors and taken over the next year by the U.S.'s Pan American World Air ways, Panair was once South America's proudest and biggest airline. It pioneered the first services to the Amazon basin, expanded throughout the country, carried Brazil's flag to London, Paris, Frankfurt and Rome. As the jet age began, Panair added DC-8s and Caravelles to its fleet of Constellations and Catalinas...