Word: brazil
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Dates: during 1960-1969
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Solutions Make Problems. Once in power, the military inevitably create new problems as they solve old ones. Accomplishing the nearly impossible job of bringing under some control Brazil's ruinous inflation, the army's unbending political attitudes alienated so many Brazilians that the military men felt isolated and unappreciated (see following story). In Bolivia, Barrientos' army-backed regime has brought peace to the tin mines on whose exports the country's economic health depends. Yet his somewhat heavy-handed rule has infuriated and alienated Bolivia's students, who occasionally take to the streets in rock...
...present political plight can be summed up in one stark statistic: three out of every four of the continent's citizens now live under military regimes of one form or another. That ratio was created by the imposition two weeks ago of overt military rule in Brazil, where half the continent's 180 million people live. Yet even before that event, armed forces were in command in four other im portant countries-Argentina, Peru, Bolivia and Paraguay-which stretch from the peaks of the Andes to the desolate plains of Tierra del Fuego...
...only politician in Brazil able and anxious to make a public speech last week was Arthur da Costa e Silva, President of the republic. In the wake of an army coup the week before that had closed down the Congress, caused widespread arrests and limited civil rights, Costa e Silva chose an obvious audience. In a 15-minute speech, the retired marshal gave the commencement address to the graduating class of the army's high-command school in Rio de Janeiro. Since the audience included military men who had engineered the coup, Costa e Silva went...
THREE months ago, after police stormed the campus of Brasilia University, Congressman Marcio Moreira Alves rose in Brazil's Chamber of Deputies and urged his countrymen to boycott Independence Day military parades to show their disapproval. Last week that seemingly insignificant act led to some startlingly drastic consequences for South America's biggest, most populous nation. The government imposed censorship on the country's radio and press, put the armed forces on alert, sent tanks rumbling down Rio de Janeiro's broad Avenida Brasil and, finally, suspended Brazil's constitution and shut down its Congress...
Their joy was short-lived. Brazil's military wasted no time in acting. General Siseno Sarmento, commander of the crack First Army based in Rio de Janeiro, conferred for 50 minutes with Costa e Silva and other military leaders at Laranjeiras, the President's Rio residence. Having failed to remove Alves by legal parliamentary procedures, they decided to do away with the procedures themselves. Costa e Silva, a former marshal, resisted briefly, then caved in-as he almost invariably has since succeeding another retired officer, Humberto Castello Branco, 22 months...