Word: brazil
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Dates: during 1960-1969
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...colonial days, Brazilians consid ered it an act of patriotism to refuse to pay taxes to their Portuguese masters. Such patriotism dies hard. Last year, in fact, after 143 years of independence, more than half of Brazil's 200,000 self-employed doctors, lawyers, small busi nessmen and farmers still refused to file tax returns, and the government figures that 95% of those who did file cheated. Indeed, had it not been for the compulsory withholding taxes taken out of wage earners' paychecks, the gov ernment might well have used up its entire income tax receipts just...
Exterior Signs. It is now. Aware that unbalanced government budgets were a key factor in Brazil's rampaging inflation, President Humberto Castello Branco and his revolutionary military regime rammed through a tough universal income-tax law that set realistic tax rates* streamlined the archaic collection system, made tax dodgers liable to two years in prison. In to run the operation moved Orlando Travancas, 47, a reform-bent tax official who has weeded out dishonest inspectors, set up a school to train new ones, and installed ten computers to keep track of returns...
...soaring architecture and modern planning, Brazil's nine-year-old inland capital, Brasilia, is still more of a collection of government buildings than a metropolis. To help the capital become a city, Brazilian Hotelman José Tjurs last week closed a deal to start building a $14 million project, which, when completed by 1976, will be a sort of Latin-style Rockefeller Center - and Tjurs' biggest holding...
...immigrants from Russia, he quit school early, went to work at jobs ranging from driving hacks to guiding tours. About all he remembers of his formal education is that "I learned how to add and subtract and multiply." That apparently was enough. Today, at 65, Tjurs has gathered together Brazil's biggest hotel chain; among his six hotels are Rio's 220-room Excelsior Copacabana, Sao Paulo's 17-story Jaragua and the 420-room Nacionál in Brasilia. All of this grew from the time when, at age 40, he took the last...
...buffer between two bitterly opposed government factions-the so-called "soft-liners," including Castello Branco, who want to operate within a constitutional framework, and the hard liners who demand more aggressive "revolutionary government." Finally, in a showdown last October, the hard liners forced Castello Branco to abolish Brazil's 13 political parties, pave the way for a government party called ARENA, and order indirect presidential elections this fall by Congress rather than by direct popular elections. Since ARENA controls 284 of Congress' 475 seats, its candidate is certain to be President. Recognizing this, Costa e Silva decided...