Word: brazil
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Dates: during 1990-1999
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...Mexico's Center of Research and Development. Today, he said, "that first era of reform is over. I don't see a single important reformer in Latin America." Not unlike the situation in India, the public sees few benefits from the impressive modernization in key countries like Mexico, Brazil and Argentina, as unemployment remains stubbornly high and real wages fall. Warned Rubio: "It's a pocketbook issue, and the pocketbook is getting emptier by the day." With the spirit of deregulation on the wane, the region is vulnerable to a renewed outbreak of what Rubio called "the Latin American disease...
...Mexico, "the political situation is very delicate and the whole edifice is fragile," said Rubio, while Brazil's fortunes hinge on a proposed constitutional amendment to allow President Fernando Henrique Cardoso to run for a second consecutive term. Argentina faces a different kind of structural problem, Garten said: "They have a high-wage economy and 18% unemployment. The country is importing massive amounts of equipment to substitute for labor, but there's no scenario to retrain the workers. That's going to create real political tensions...
...integrated steel company, it's not the blast furnaces that are shooting off the biggest sparks these days. It's Maria Silvia Bastos Marques, 40, an economist and financial wizard hired in May to restructure Companhia Siderurgica Nacional, formerly an icon of Brazilian state-driven industrialization and, since 1993, Brazil's largest privately owned firm. She has more than her share of work ahead at CSN, where she is leading what she calls an "internal revolution" that is likely to set standards for other Brazilian industries as well...
...goal is to revamp the internal management at clanking CSN, whose steelworks began operating in 1946 in Volta Redonda, a town 100 km northwest of Rio. Marques is introducing new management policies--such as dividing the company into separate profit centers by product--that are virtually unknown to Brazil's insular corporate world. "If I don't watch out," she allows, "someone will start importing what I produce within three or four years. CSN will have to be as cost efficient as the Japanese and the Koreans...
Elsewhere he compares different styles of racism. The U.S., with its predominantly Northern European traditions, erects distinct color barriers even though its population has been paddling in a richly mixed gene pool for more than three centuries. By contrast, Brazil is what Cose calls a "pigmentocracy," where the national myth of racial harmony masks a system in which lighter skins enjoy higher status and rewards...