Word: braziller
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Dates: during 1970-1979
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...worth of $3 billion or more makes him the richest American. Tough-minded and intensely shy, Ludwig is sole owner of his enterprises and thus must answer to no one. Operating from offices in Manhattan's Burlington House, he runs a maze of companies (he has 19 in Brazil alone). His flagship firm, National Bulk Carriers, operates one of the world's largest private fleets of huge supertankers and cargo ships. He is also proprietor of an array of global enterprises, which include the Princess hotel chain in Mexico, the Bahamas and Bermuda, oil refineries and a number...
...Recalls a former aide: "Often he just sits in his office and thinks three or five years down the road." In the 1950s Ludwig began pondering the world's increasing use, and dwindling supply, of pulp and timber. After surveying sites in Venezuela and elsewhere he settled on Brazil, in part because he found an immense tract for the right price. He bought the land in 1967 for less than $1 an acre...
...efforts in the Amazon are capitalism in its most epic sense. But he has wisely insisted on 'Brazilianizing' Jari: only 40 of the 8,500-member labor force are non-Brazilian. He has drawn university graduates from the country's south, illiterate laborers from Brazil's economically stricken northeast, and equally unfortunate natives from the Amazon's primitive villages. Ludwig's managers at Jari claim with pride that they have created a true meritocracy with instant opportunities for advancement for anyone who shows talent and the desire...
Despite his age and a painful back ailment from a shipboard accident in the 1920s, Ludwig is amazingly energetic and keeps close watch on Jari. He receives a constant flow of reports at his headquarters. More important, several times a year he flies to Belem on Brazil's northern coast, traveling economy class except when he can hitch a free ride on a friend's corporate jet. At Belem he waits for the Fairchild turboprop that makes the 90-min. flight daily between the port city and Jari. Disdaining VIP treatment, Ludwig crowds on board with newly recruited...
...faces noisy opposition in Brazil...