Word: brca1
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Dates: during 1990-1999
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Similarly, neither drug is likely to help women who have inherited the BRCA1 or BRCA2 genes, since they are least likely of all to develop estrogen-sensitive tumors. Nor is there any guarantee that raloxifene's effects are long lasting...
...penetrance genes, such as those associated with breast or colon cancer. These don't necessarily mean that the carrier will be stricken but suggest an increased risk, especially in the presence of certain "co-factors" like poor diet, alcohol or smoking. Such tests are already available for the BRCA1 and BRCA2 breast-cancer genes but at a cost of about $2,700 each, and with their limited predictive abilities, only a few are performed. Still, they raise critical questions for any woman who tests positive. Should she undertake a pre-emptive strike against possible cancer with radical measures like mastectomy...
...shows how Duke is able to move its cutting-edge research quickly into the realm of patient care. Kristen's gene mutation was diagnosed in a Duke laboratory run by Andrew Futreal, a researcher who had a hand in the discovery of one breast cancer-susceptibility gene--known as BRCA1--and who co-discovered a second, BRCA2. Her doctor is Dirk Iglehart, a surgeon who also runs a large tumor biology laboratory. The genetic counselor, Shelly Clark, advises patients on the far-reaching effects of such lethal genes...
Researchers spotted the two mutated cancer genes--BRCA1 and BRCA2--in 1994 and '95 and immediately realized they were dealing with a nasty pair of characters. Women with just one BRCA gene mutation appeared to have an 85% risk of developing breast cancer and a 60% risk of ovarian cancer...
...every blown bulb affects the strand the same way. More than 200 mutations have been identified on the two BRCA genes, and one new study found that while BRCA2 mutations will show up on a test, they may be less likely to lead to disease than mutations on BRCA1 in young women...