Word: brca1
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...other hand, we are learning that each letter in that text can spell the difference between blond and brunet, tall and short, life and death. A woman who carries a mutation in the BRCA1 gene can have a seven times greater chance of developing breast cancer. Scientists in Utah last week announced the discovery of a gene that seems to predispose carriers to depression. We are learning these things in part because of Watson, who, having revealed the simplicity of DNA's structure, wanted to explore the complexity of its function. He helped persuade Congress to fund the Human Genome...
Mutations in the BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes are linked to hereditary breast, ovarian and prostate cancers...
...researchers are getting better at predicting who is most likely to benefit from which designer estrogen. Raloxifene, it turns out, is most effective for the postmenopausal women who have naturally high levels of estrogen. Other tests suggest that tamoxifen offers little or no benefit to women who carry the BRCA1 mutation, one of two genetic mutations known to cause an inherited form of breast cancer, but it can help lower the risk of breast cancer in women carrying a variation of the gene called BRCA2. For now, women who are taking tamoxifen should continue doing so. But in the future...
...easy to say something positive when there's a diagnosis of advanced ovarian cancer. But researchers have found that women with the hereditary form of the disease may survive an average of two years longer than those with no genetic predisposition. The same defect on either the BRCA1 or BRCA2 gene that makes women vulnerable to the cancer may also make them more responsive to chemotherapy. Once researchers figure out why, they may be able to develop more effective treatments for both forms of the disease...
Similarly, neither drug is likely to help women who have inherited the BRCA1 or BRCA2 genes, since they are least likely of all to develop estrogen-sensitive tumors. Nor is there any guarantee that raloxifene's effects are long lasting...