Word: breakthroughs
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Dates: during 1970-1979
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...HONORS for making the breakthrough discovery went to a traditional bacteriologist. Taking purified DNA extracted from the chromosomes of dead pneumonia bacteria, Rockefeller Institute's Oswald T. Avery and his associates showed that it could transform other, normally harmless bacteria into virulent ones. The experiment indicated that it was DNA, and not protein, that carried the genetic message. So unexpected was that finding that even Avery was at first unwilling to accept it. Eight years later, Alfred Hershey and his assistant Martha Chase demonstrated that a virus' DNA could, by taking over a bacterium, also nullify the cell's genetic...
...genre, the breakthrough book was Victoria Holt's Mistress of Mellyn (1960), which sold a million copies. Though it was in itself a touchingly direct tribute to Rebecca, Mellyn has become the model for many of the new romances. The plot concerns Martha Leigh, a young gentlewoman in reduced circumstances, who comes to a vast mansion in Cornwall to care for the motherless daughter of enigmatic Connan Tre-Mellyn. Even before Martha falls reluctantly in love with Connan, she learns that his wife's death was both scandalous and mysterious, that he is surrounded by neighbors with ambiguous...
...Sigmund Freud was not the luckiest of men. After making the century's biggest breakthrough in the direction of mental health, he was denounced for his pains as "a sexual maniac" and "the Antichrist." Later his leading disciples deserted him. Then at the height of his fame he was hit by an incurable cancer and died without witnessing the full impact of his ideas. Though only 32 years have passed since his death, that impact now seems largely spent, and Freud himself sometimes appears little more than a joke saint of pop cult. Many of his ideas have been...
...bright spot in India's future is the success of "the green revolution," the dramatic breakthrough in the use of high-yield strains of grain, chemical fertilizers and advanced irrigation techniques, which increased wheat production 50% in two years. But millions still live on the edge of starvation, and will for years to come...
...plasma physics, after a significant 1968 Soviet breakthrough in the containment of thermo nuclear power, U.S. scientists ran confirming experiments that suggested that "this almost limitless, pollutionless source of energy may be nearer than was once expected. But the U.S. effort is having funded at a level, cut back again this year, that could put off this development as much as 25 to 50 years." In the life sciences, research funds are still lagging some 20%, or at least $250 million per year, behind research capacity...