Word: breast
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Dates: during 1980-1989
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...Frog features an Orientalized Continental menu in a quiet, pastel postmodern setting. Lunch features a Japanese bento, a box with four compartments, containing a choice of such intriguing morsels as grilled shrimp, grilled duck breast, crunchy Japanese-style salads and rice. Among simpler dishes, the swordfish with lemon-thyme butter is flawless...
Lawrence Garfinkel, vice president for epidemiology and statistics at ACS, was impressed with the results. "Women can't do anything about most of the risk factors associated with breast cancer," he said. "When you add something to the list that you can do something about, those women should especially be concerned...
Even if there is such a relationship, it may be far from direct: researchers have speculated that alcohol may make it easier for carcinogens to penetrate breast tissue or may affect hormones metabolized by the liver or released from the pituitary gland. Said Robert Hiatt of the Kaiser Permanente Medical Care Program in Oakland, who reported an alcohol-breast cancer link in 1984: "So far, this is an epidemiological finding that has been repeated, leading to concern. As yet, there is no linkup with biology." Indeed, even NCI's Greenwald conceded that alcohol may be less important than other risk...
There is another reason that doctors are hesitant to advise women to stop drinking: many studies have suggested that moderate consumption of alcohol reduces the risk of heart disease, which annually kills more than nine times as many women as does breast cancer. Walter Willett, the principal author of the Harvard study, admits, "We're also missing one piece of information -- specifically, whether decreasing or stopping in the middle of life will influence the risk of breast cancer. It's possible that whatever damage may have been done early on cannot be reversed...
Nonetheless, a consensus exists that women who are already at risk for breast cancer should probably drink less. Will such a lukewarm warning have any effect on behavior? Probably not. Interviewed in a Washington singles bar, Therese Gallagher, 23, a student from New York City, said she would continue to down six drinks weekly. "I don't think about the bad things in life until something happens," she explained. If she drinks wine, though, she may not have to worry: the Harvard study found an increased risk of breast cancer only for beer and hard liquor...