Word: breasted
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Dates: during 1990-1999
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...physicians typically prescribe Premarin, an estrogen derived from pregnant mares' urine. But while the benefits of Premarin are considerable--among other things, it may reduce the risk of heart disease and osteoporosis--there are potential dangers. Women who take Premarin for many years can increase their chance of developing breast cancer (see box for the latest research...
...phytoestrogens offer boomers a better bargain? Many women clearly think so. "Close to a natural wonder drug," says UCLA breast-cancer surgeon Dr. Susan Love in her recently published Dr. Susan Love's Hormone Book (Random House, $25). At 49, Love, a vocal and controversial critic of hormone-replacement therapy, has entered perimenopause. To cope, she exercises daily, adds phytoestrogen-rich foods like soybeans and flaxseed to her diet and doses herself with black cohosh, an herbal source of phytoestrogens that comes in liquid or tablet form...
...some women, choosing to undergo long-term hormone-replacement therapy is indeed a risky proposition. But that may not be true for all or even most women. Most evidence indicates that women can take hormones for a couple of years without increasing their breast-cancer risk. The picture is less clear, however, for women who use hormones for 10, 20 or more years. Their chance of developing breast cancer increases, but does that outweigh the benefit of avoiding heart disease...
Personal assessment is crucial because there is no average woman. "Individuals have individual risk factors," explains Col. High cholesterol, which increases the risk of heart disease, may have to be weighed against a mother who died of breast cancer. Col's model, based on data from hundreds of studies, helps rank all these factors. Among other things, it shows that women who at age 50 are already at highest risk of breast cancer and lowest risk of heart disease clearly do not benefit from HRT. Other women could extend their life expectancy from three months to three years...
Even if that's true, say other scientists, MAP kinases are just one component of an elaborate biochemical network that controls the process of cell division. Though breast tumors may contain high levels of the enzymes, that may well be an effect of malignancy rather than the cause. This does not mean that MAP kinases are not important contributors to tumor growth. But, cautions Susan Braun, president of the Susan G. Komen Breast Cancer Foundation in Texas, "people should understand that this is a piece of the puzzle, not the single answer." Indeed, there will probably never be a single...