Word: breslow
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Dates: during 1970-1979
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Marilyn G. Breslow, who graduated in 1970, is the administrative manager of a Polaroid research facility and the mother of two small children. Fulfilling the responsibilities of both these jobs is "no mean feat," she says, adding "I have to be in good physical shape for this lifestyle. I can't afford to get sick...
...Breslow's burden is eased by her 45-hour-a-week housekeeper, who watches the children while both parents are at work. She and her husband, a professor at the Medical School, came up with this expensive solution to "the dual career problem" by making use of their two professional salaries. She and her husband also share equally in child-rearing tasks...
...having her breasts examined manually and photographed by a heat-sensitive technique called thermography,* every participant in the screening program is annually subjected to mammography, or breast X rays. Although only an extremely low dose of radiation is required, a team of scientists under the leadership of Dr. Lester Breslow, a U.C.L.A. epidemiologist, nonetheless argues that it may well be enough to cause cancer. Mammography, Breslow insists, is "a striking example of a situation where the very disease may be caused by the technology...
...evidence, Breslow cited a seven-year breast-cancer detection program, involving 62,000 women, undertaken in the 1960s by New York's Health Insurance Plan (H.I.P.). Analysis of the H.I.P. statistics showed that while mammography was of significant value in women over 50, the screening program did not reduce the mortality rate in those under that age. Breslow also noted studies showing increased breast-cancer rates among women exposed to higher radiation levels-those subjected to X rays in treatment of tuberculosis, patients receiving radiotherapy for acute breast infection, and survivors of A-blasts in Japan. Extrapolating from these...
...allay fears of women alerted by press accounts of Breslow's criticism, the National Cancer Institute (NCI) hastily called a meeting in Bethesda, Md., last week. The directors of the screening program noted that mammography techniques have improved considerably since the H.I.P. study began 12½ years ago and that the radiation doses now used have been reduced to about a third of their old level. More important, they said that about two-thirds of the cases detected were in an early, curable stage-and only about half these cancers could have been detected without X rays. Said...