Word: brest-litovsk
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...became a German-imported article which reached its greatest success when the Tsar was overthrown, the Russian armies collapsed and German Warlords Paul von Hindenburg and Erich Ludendorff decided that the Ukraine would be a good bread basket for Germany's starving armies. At the fortress of Brest-Litovsk (now in Poland) on March 3, 1918, a Russian delegation signed a humiliating treaty which detached from All the Russias not only Finland and the White Russian provinces of Estonia, Lithuania and Latvia but also the valued Ukraine. Leon Trotsky had been the chief Soviet figure during the negotiations...
Tough Nuts. The story of the prolonged Brest-Litovsk negotiations and the subsequent short but eventful history of the Ukrainian Republic is told in a scholarly book by British Author John W. Wheeler-Bennett, The Forgotten Peace.* The moral drawn by Mr. Wheeler-Bennett suggests that Herr Hitler may find himself swimming in trouble rather than prosperity should his Ukrainian campaign be successful...
...Allied victory automatically nullified the Brest-Litovsk Treaty and the Ukrainian Republic, after a feeble struggle, folded up to become again a part of Russia. Ten years later Joseph Stalin, starting his collective-farming program, also found the Ukrainian peasant a stubborn creature. Confronted with similar sabotage, the Stalin Government simply confiscated the Ukrainian grain, left the peasants to starve. Some 3,000,000 of them...
During the War Estonians overthrew a native Bolshevik regime which had held their capital for five weeks. Next they fought off the Germans, who undertook to "police" Estonia after the Treaty of Brest-Litovsk. Finally they faced an invasion of the Russian Reds. From a prison camp, into which the Germans had flung him, emerged one Konstantin Pats, just in time to help lead Estonian forces which drove off the Red Army invaders. Last week, determined Konstantin Pats, now Acting President of the Republic, celebrated at Tallinn Estonia's 20th birthday...
...Manchukuo, the C. E. R. earned $10,000,000 (before Roosevelt) yearly from 1924 to 1930. Thus the C. E. R. changed hands last week for less than five times its earnings in an average year, the worst bargain made by Soviet Russia since Lenin accepted the Peace of Brest-Litovsk...