Word: broadcasting
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Dates: during 2000-2009
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...January 12, NPR broadcast an interview given by the neoconservative economist N. Gregory Mankiw, the former chair of President Bush’s Council of Economic Advisors and professor at Harvard University. I agree with Dr. Mankiw’s support for free trade and his expression of disappointment that the Republican-controlled Congress did not reform Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac. However, most of his ideas are precisely what led to our country’s current economic disaster...
...April 6, 1959, broadcast had moved smoothly - too smoothly, it turned out - up to the closing number: a group sing of "There's No Business Like Show Business" by dozens of the movie elite, including James Cagney, Bette Davis, Cary Grant, Rock Hudson, Doris Day, John Wayne and Elizabeth Taylor. As they concluded, someone noticed that the show had run 20 minutes short. (Implausible but true.) Cued from the wings, Lewis shouted to the group, "Another 20 times!" Some of the stars danced in couples; others wandered offstage. As the tone grew tenser, Jer announced "We're showing Three Stooges...
...rooted in the media world of 1949, when lawmakers became concerned that by virtue of their near-stranglehold on nationwide TV broadcasting, the three main television networks - NBC, ABC and CBS - could misuse their broadcast licenses to set a biased public agenda. The Fairness Doctrine, which mandated that broadcast networks devote time to contrasting views on issues of public importance, was meant to level the playing field. Congress backed the policy in 1954, and by the 1970s the FCC called the doctrine the "single most important requirement of operation in the public interest - the sine qua non for grant...
...Supreme Court proved willing to uphold the doctrine, eking out space for it alongside the First Amendment. In 1969's Red Lion Broadcasting Co. v. FCC, journalist Fred Cook sued a Pennsylvania Christian Crusade radio program after a radio host attacked him on air. In a unanimous decision, the Supreme Court upheld Cook's right to an on-air response under the Fairness Doctrine, arguing that nothing in the First Amendment gives a broadcast license holder the exclusive right to the airwaves they operate on. But when Florida tried to hold newspapers to a similar standard in 1974's Miami...
...doctrine stayed in effect, and was enforced until FCC chairman Mark Fowler began rolling it back during Reagan's second term - despite complaints from some in the Administration that it was all that kept broadcast journalists from thoroughly lambasting Reagan's policies on air. In 1987, the FCC panel repealed the Fairness Doctrine altogether with a 4-0 vote...