Word: brookhaven
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Dates: during 1970-1979
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...detector was designed by Chemist Raymond Davis Jr. of Brookhaven National Laboratory. Shielded from all other radiation by the rock above, the detector consists of a 100,000-gal. vat of a cleaning fluid called tetrachloroethylene. A small number of incoming neutrinos collide with chlorine atoms in the fluid. The collisions convert the chlorine to radioactive atoms of the element argon, which can then be counted. Davis calculated a year ago that on the basis of what scientists know and theorize about the sun, less than one-fifth as many neutrinos are radiating from it as would be expected...
...experiment, directed by Biologist Peter Carlson at Long Island's Brookhaven National Laboratory, involved two species of wild tobacco called Nicotiana glauca and Nicotiana langsdorffii. In the past, researchers have been able to crossbreed these two common plants by sexual means-fertilizing one plant with the pollen of the other-but many species will simply not breed sexually with others. Carlson, borrowing techniques recently developed by scientists in England and Japan, accomplished the trick with individual cells. First he treated cells from each kind of leaf with an enzyme that dissolves their protective cellulose walls but leaves the rest...
...work of many minds. Can the Nobel Committee properly single out one man-or even a few* -for the lion's share of the honors? The question is particularly pertinent for high-energy physics. In 1964, for example, it took no fewer than 33 scientists, operating the large Brookhaven atom smasher, to discover another fleeting bit of matter-the omega-minus particle...
Such a disaster was investigated by the AEC in its own Brookhaven Report, which suggested that reactors one-fifth the size of current models could contaminate up to 150,000 square miles of land, kill 3,400 people outright, cause 55,000 premature cancer deaths, and force evacuation of 450,000 people for over one year. An additional 4 million might have to be kept under close surveillance. Damage could exceed $7 billion. Such a peace-time, man-made catastrophe boggles the imagination. And physicist-writer Dr. Ralph Lapp has said he feels "Before the year 2000 it would appear...
...value of L-dopa (short for levo-dihydroxyphenylalanine) was established by Brookhaven National Laboratory's Dr. George C. Cotzias (TIME, Nov. 28). Earlier investigators had abandoned it after short-term trials, but Cotzias administered it in carefully calibrated, massive doses for weeks and months. Many of his patients made remarkable recoveries. Since then, 6,000 patients have taken L-dopa in tests at other medical centers, two-thirds of them with good results. As a result, Congressmen, prodded by physicians and officials of Parkinson's disease organizations, put tremendous pressure on the FDA to make L-dopa generally...