Word: brotherhoods
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Dates: during 1990-1999
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...Deists, who frequented the Continental Congress. Benjamin Franklin joined in Philadelphia and later guided Voltaire through the order's mysteries. Colonial lodges, says Masonic historian William Moore, offered "a civil space in which to play with self-rule in a world where democracy was not yet a fact." The brotherhood helped unite the squabbling colonies and primed them for that quintessential Enlightenment political enterprise, the Revolution. Grand master George Washington eventually set the Capitol cornerstone attired in his ceremonial apron...
...balance, technological forecasts have often proved remarkably accurate, in outline if not in detail. By contrast, the political forecasts--whether the dreams of brotherhood or the nightmares of Big Brother--have been far more dubious...
Abdul Koddus, 50, an Egyptian writer, is a prominent member of the Muslim Brotherhood, an Islamic political group founded in 1928 that has been banned by the government. He prays five times a day, campaigns for an Islamic republic and pens frank public critiques of President Hosni Mubarak's regime. His opinions have landed him in prison a few times and in all likelihood will do so again...
...path to Allah began in earnest one day in 1974 when President Anwar Sadat, Nasser's successor, abruptly ordered veteran leaders of the Brotherhood released from prison. Abdul Koddus, who was working for a Cairo paper, went to interview them and immediately became attracted to the group and its leader, Omar Tilmisani, who stressed tolerance and exemplary personal behavior. By 1976, Abdul Koddus had stopped drinking alcohol, married the daughter of a prominent Muslim preacher and joined the Brotherhood...
...conversations in his spacious salon overlooking the Nile, Abdul Koddus stresses the Brotherhood's desire to adopt the best of Western values. "I ask for political freedom for everybody," he says, rejecting the goal of militant groups to establish an Islamic dictatorship. Yet he believes that British author Salman Rushdie should be put on trial for blasphemy, and he refuses to condemn Sheik Omar Abdul Rahman, convicted on terrorism charges in New York City. And there can be no peace with Israel, he adds, so long as the Jewish state occupies Jerusalem...