Word: buddhism
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Dates: during 1950-1959
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...Dalai Lama's trip was obviously designed by the Reds to promote the notion that Communism and Buddhism stand side by side in their devotion to peace and nonviolence. In India, so far. this line has been fairly successful. At a Buddhist Congress held last month in Nepal, Chinese and Russian speakers virtually enshrined Karl Marx as another reincarnation of the Lord Buddha. But Dr. Bhimrao R. Ambedkar, leader of India's untouchables, who died last week (see MILESTONES), made a notable reply. Said he: "Marx was thought by a large number of Asians, particularly students...
Older than recorded history, the religion of the Vedas and Upanishads has met religion after religion and welcomed them all. Buddhism sprang from its loins; Zoroastrians found a haven of tolerance in India; Christianity planted a seed there in apostolic times, perhaps with the coming of Doubting Thomas himself.* Even the first fierce followers of Allah's Prophet Mohammed were allowed to build their mosques and say their prayers in peace among the Hindus...
...Spread of the Gospel faces serious obstacles. "In spite of some encouragement," there is as yet no "convincing evidence of a widespread revival of religion." And to make evangelism harder, "There is, also, a recrudescence of some of the ancient faiths [i.e., Buddhism, Mohammedanism, Shintoism] often associated with nationalistic fervor, and threatening to put obstacles in the way of the church's work . . . There is the greatest need for the rethinking of missionary strategy, and for devising new methods of cooperation." But while new methods of evangelism are desirable, "the finest, best-tempered and most certain instrument of evangelism...
...Toynbee finds the modern world riven by a gulf even deeper and wider than that between the Communist and non-Communist worlds, namely, the chasm between "the whole Judaic group of ideologies and religions" on the one hand and the "Buddhaic group" (Hinduism, the Mahayana and Hinayana forms of Buddhism) on the other. For the East, like ancient Greece, sees history as cyclical, recurrent, and hence irrelevant, while Christianity, Judaism and Islam see it governed by Intellect and Will, i.e., God. But in assigning history this divine importance, they "have reopened the door to self-centeredness by casting themselves...
...Buddhism evolved out of the complex faith and practice of Hinduism. The Hindu idea that each man leads life after life on an endlessly turning wheel of suffering determined by one's past actions (karma) was assumed by Buddha. The way to escape the turning, he taught, was a practical procedure, uncluttered by theology, liturgy or a pantheon of gods: what held one to the wheel was the ever-changing attraction and repulsion that the self experiences for the things and happenings of the world; the resolute practice of detachment on the one hand, and heightened awareness...