Word: buddhism
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...Buddhism was one of the first institutions affected when pro-Western governments in Cambodia, Laos and South Viet Nam were replaced five years ago by Communist regimes. In Viet Nam, bonzes managed to keep the pagodas open by strategically placing busts of Ho Chi Minh opposite altars crowded with Buddha images. In the mountainous kingdom of Laos, the new Communist rulers were less tolerant. Monks in Luang Prabang were lucky to escape with re-education in "seminar camps." Many others who had become wealthy by selling protective amulets to hill-tribe animists had their magic severely tested by Pathet...
...Buddhism, however, is a passive survivor's religion. The essence of Buddhist teaching is summarized in the Four Holy Truths: 1) existence is suffering; 2) suffering springs from desire; 3) this desire can be extinguished by 4) following the Buddha's path of truthful and chaste behavior. The introspective Theravada school of Buddhism is predominant on the plains of Thailand and western Kampuchea, where the faith was once centered in the fabulous Angkor Wat. In Viet Nam, whose Mayahana school permits social concern alongside withdrawal of the self, Buddhists have sometimes supported nationalist movements, but rarely actively...
Neither Ho Chi Minh nor the CIA was able to find a way of using Buddhism as a rallying point. The only time Indochina's Buddhists were roused to unified action was in the early 1960s, when harassment by Viet Nam's Catholic minority provoked a series of public demonstrations that helped topple Catholic President Ngo Dinh Diem...
...spiritual leader of the more than 20 million followers of Kagyu Buddhism, one of four main orders of Tibetan Buddhism, he will offer a community blessing at the Dharmadhatu Meditation Center in Boston tomorrow, talk on "Fearless Compassion: The Activity of Enlightenment" in Memorial Hall Wednesday, and meet with King on Friday...
...studies, he entered the great debate over what could constitute the basis for the renaissance of China. He came most of the way down on the side of traditionalists who sought to rebuild China on some kind of Confucian mold. He rejected both of his youthful affectations: Westernization and Buddhism. The rest of Liang's career was spent attempting to build a state based on a Confucian value system that would prescribe a "Chinese" core for any institutional setup. As part of the non-Communist opposition to Chiang Kai-shek's nationalist regime, Liang helped form the rural reconstruction movement...